GENERAL REFERENCES
Sources previously listed under WESTERN GENERAL REFERENCES will not be repeated here
Anderson, Charles R., Western Pacific 1944-1945: The U.S. Army Campaigns of World War II booklet, undated, U.S. Army Center of Military History.
Cohen, Stan, Images of the Spanish-American War: April-August 1898, 1997, Pictorial Histories Publishing Company, Inc., Missoula, Montana.
Conn, Stetson, and Rose C. Engelman, Byron Fairchild, Guarding the United States and Its Outposts, 1964, Office of the Chief of Military History, Department of the Army, Washington.
Denfeld, D. Colt, and Glen Williford, Surviving Japanese Coastal Defense Guns: A Preliminary Inventory, in the Coast Defense Journal, Vol. 20, No. 3, Aug. 2006.
Goldstein, Donald M., Katherine V. Dillon, J. Michael Wenger, and Robert J. Cressman, The Spanish-American War: The Story and Photographs, 1998, reprint 2000, Brassey's, Inc., Dulles, Virginia.
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Building the Navy's Bases in World War II: History of the Bureau of Yards and Docks and the Civil Engineer Corps, 1940-1946, Volume II, 1947, Government Printing Office, Washington.
Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, Merriam-Webster Inc., Springfield, Massachusetts.
AMERICAN SAMOA
Bennett, John D., Tutuila's Garrison and Harbor Defenses, 1941-45, in The Coast Defense Journal, Vol. 23, No. 4, Nov. 2009.
Grobmeier, Alvin H., Samoa's Six-Inch Guns, in Coast Defense Study Group News, Vol. 3, No. 1, Feb. 1989.
U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, National Register of Historic Places Inventory - Nomination Form: Blunts Point Naval Gun, 1973.
U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, National Register of Historic Places Registration Form: Breakers Point Naval Guns, 1999.
U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, National Register of Historic Places Registration Form: Poloa Defensive Fortifications, 2012.
GUAM
Apple, Russell A., Guam: Two Invasions and Three Military Occupations, A Historical Summary of War in the Pacific National Historical Park, Guam, Miscellaneous Publication No. 3, 1980, Micronesian Area Research Center, University of Guam, Mangilao, Guam.
Degadillo, Yolanda, and Thomas B. McGrath, Felicia Plaza, Spanish Forts of Guam, MARC Publication Series No. 7, 1979, Micronesian Area Research Center, University of Guam, Agana, Guam.
Guam Historic Resources Division, Department of Parks and Recreation, Historic Sites of Guam brochure, undated.
Kang, P. Toyoko, Japanese Offensive Operations Immediately After the Outbreak of War: The cooperative operation of the Army and Navy to occupy Guam (article), in Micronesian Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences, Vol. 2, No. 1-2, December 2003, Letao Publishing, Albury, New South Wales, Australia.
Lotz, Dave, World War II Remnants, Guam and Northern Mariana Islands: A Guide and History, 1998 (2nd edition), Arizona Memorial Museum Association, Honolulu, Hawaii.
National Park Service, Cultural Landscapes Inventory, War in the Pacific National Historical Park, 2013, Pacific West Region, San Francisco, California.
National Park Service, War in the Pacific National Historical Park brochures, 1987, 2006, 2017.
National Park Service, War in the Pacific NHP handouts, Ga'an Point; Piti Guns, undated.
National Park Service, War in the Pacific NHP handouts, Ga'an Point; Piti Guns, 2012.
O'Brien, Cyril J., Liberation: Marines in the Recapture of Guam, 1994, Marine Corps Historical Center, Washington.
Rottman, Gordon L., Guam 1941 and 1944: Loss and Reconquest (Campaign 139), 2004, Osprey Publishing Ltd., Botley, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Thompson, Erwin N., Historic Resource Study, War in the Pacific National Historical Park, Guam, 1985, National Park Service.
U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, National Register of Historic Places Inventory - Nomination Form: Piti Coastal Defense Guns, 1975.
HAWAI'I
Hawaii Atlas and Gazetteer, 1999 (1st edition), DeLorme, Yarmouth, Maine.
Bennett, John D., Ashley Military Reservation (155mm Gun Battery), in Coast Defense Journal, Vol. 23, No. 3, Aug. 2009.
Bennett, John D., Battery Arizona and the Kahe Point Military Reservation, in The Coast Defense Journal, Vol. 19, No. 1, Feb. 2005.
Bennett, John D., Battery Construction Number 302: The Sentinal of Kaneohe Bay, in The Coast Defense Journal, Vol. 17, No. 1, May 2003.
Bennett, John D., Battery Monument, Kauai, T.H. 1943-44: An Update, in The Coast Defense Journal, Vol. 24, No. 2, May 2010.
Bennett, John D., Camp Malakole, Oahu, T.H., in The Coast Defense Journal, Vol. 17, No. 3, Aug. 2003.
Bennett, John D., The Coastal Defenses of Kauai, T.H., 1942-1944, in The Coast Defense Journal, Vol. 17, No. 2, May 2003.
Bennett, John D., The 5-Inch Emergency Naval-Gun Batteries on Oahu, T.H., 1942-1943, in The Coast Defense Journal, Vol. 17, No. 1, Feb. 2003.
Bennett, John D., Fort Barrette and the 16-Inch Guns of the Kapolei Military Reservation, in The Coast Defense Journal, Vol. 18, No. 3, Aug. 2004.
Bennett, John D., Kaena Point Military Reservation, in The Coast Defense Journal, Vol. 19, No. 2, May 2005.
Bennett, John D., Koko Head, Fire Control and Searchlight Station and Military Reservation, Maunalua, Oahu, T.H., in Coast Defense Journal, Vol. 23, No. 2, May 2009.
Bennett, John D., Oahu's Command and Fire Control Cable System, in The Coast Defense Journal, Vol. 16, No. 4, Nov. 2002.
Bennett, John D., Oahu's Solitary 8-inch 1940-Project Battery Construction No. 405 (Battery Robert E. DeMerritt), in The Coast Defense Journal, Vol. 24, No. 1, Feb. 2010.
Bennett, John D., Oahu's World War Two 5-Inch Naval Antiaircraft Shore Batteries, in The Coast Defense Journal, Vol. 21, No. 1, Feb. 2007.
Bennett, John D., Puu-o-Hulu Military Reservation, 1923-1945, in The Coast Defense Journal, Vol. 20, No. 3, Aug. 2006.
Bennett, John D., Sand Island's Military Past, 1916-1945, in The Coast Defense Journal, Vol. 16, No. 3, Aug. 2002.
Carter, Gann K., Sightseeing Historic Honolulu, 1956, Tongg Publishing Company, Ltd., Honolulu, Hawai'i.
Dorrance, William H., Beach Defenses of Hawaii, 1924-1942, in Coast Defense Study Group Journal, Vol. 8, No. 4, Nov. 1994.
Dorrance, William H., Big Gun Fire Control on Oahu, 1920-1945, in The Coast Defense Study Group Journal, Vol. 13, No. 1, Feb. 1999.
Dorrance, William H., Early Fort Ruger, 1906-1915, in The Coast Defense Study Group Journal, Vol. 11, No. 4, Nov. 1997.
Dorrance, William H., Fort Armstrong, in The Coast Defense Study Group Journal, Vol. 11, No. 3, Aug. 1997.
Dorrance, William H., Fort DeRussy, in The Coast Defense Study Group Journal, Vol. 12, No. 1, Feb. 1998.
Dorrance, William H., Fort Kamehameha: The Story of the Harbor Defenses of Pearl Harbor, 1993, White Mane Publishing Co., Inc., Shippensburg, Pennsylvania.
Dorrance, William H., The 4-Inch Navy Guns that Protected Hawaii, in The Coast Defense Study Group Journal, Vol. 9, No. 4, Nov. 1995.
Dorrance, William H., Harbor Defenses of Honolulu, in The Journal of America's Military Past, Vol. XXVI, No. 2, Fall 1999.
Dorrance, William H., Heavy Artillery at Waikiki, in The Coast Defense Study Group Journal, Vol. 13, No. 3, Nov. 1999.
Dorrance, William H., History of Battery Forrest J. French, in Coast Defense Study Group Journal, Vol. 7, No. 4, Nov. 1993.
Dorrance, William H., Land Defenses of Oahu's Forts, 1908-1941, in Coast Defense Study Group News, Vol. 6, No. 1, Feb. 1992.
Dukas, Neil B., A Military History of Sovereign Hawai'i, 2004, Mutual Publishing, Honolulu, Hawai'i.
Gaines, William C., 155mm Gun Employment and Emplacements on Oahu, T.H., 1921-1945, in The Coast Defense Study Group Journal, Vol. 13, No. 2, May 1999.
Gaines, William C., 240mm Howitzers on Oahu, 1922-1944, in The Coast Defense Journal, Vol. 16, No. 4, Nov. 2002.
Gaines, William C., Antiaircraft Defense of Oahu, 1916-1945, in The Coast Defense Journal, Vol. 15, No. 2, May 2001.
Gaines, William C., Fort Barrette, in Coast Defense Study Group Journal, Vol. 8, No. 4, Nov. 1994.
Gaines, William C., Fort Weaver, in Coast Defense Study Group Journal, Vol. 8, No. 4, Nov. 1994.
Gaines, William C., A Military History of Diamond Head and Fort Ruger - Part I, in The Coast Defense Journal, Vol. 19, No. 2, May 2005.
Gaines, William C., A Military History of Diamond Head and Fort Ruger - Part II, in The Coast Defense Journal, Vol. 19, No. 3, Aug. 2005.
Gaines, William C., The Oahu Howitzers, in The Coast Defense Study Group Journal, Vol. 9, No. 1, Feb. 1995.
Gaines, William C., Punchbowl Military Reservation, in Coast Defense Study Group Journal, Vol. 8, No. 1, Feb. 1994.
Gaines, William C., Railway Artillery on Oahu, 1922-1944, in The Coast Defense Journal, Vol. 16, No. 3, Aug. 2002.
Gaines, William C., Sand Island Military Reservation, in Coast Defense Study Group Journal, Vol. 8, No. 3, Aug. 1994.
Gaines, William C., Sixteenth Coast Artillery (Harbor Defense) Regiment, in The Coast Defense Study Group Journal, Vol. 13, No. 3, Nov. 1999.
Gaines, William C., Wiliwilinui Ridge Military Reservation, in Coast Defense Study Group Journal, Vol. 8, No. 2, May 1994.
Grobmeier, Alvin H., Battery Henry Adair - From Gun Emplacement to Admiral's Basement, in Coast Defense Study Group News, Vol. 4, No. 2, May 1990.
Heinl, Robert D., Jr., Lt. Col. USMC, Marines at Midway, 1948, Historical Section, Division of Public Information, Headquarters U.S. Marine Corps, Washington.
Helmboldt, Henry E., Hawaii's World War II Seven-Inch Batteries, in Coast Defense Study Group News, Vol. 4, No. 2, May 1990.
Helmboldt, Henry E., Modernization of Existing Batteries on Oahu, in Coast Defense Study Group News, Vol. 4, No. 3, Aug. 1990.
Helmboldt, Henry E., New Standard Seacoast Batteries on Oahu, in Coast Defense Study Group News, Vol. 4, No. 3, Aug. 1990.
Helmboldt, Henry E., Oahu's World War II Five-Inch Batteries, in Coast Defense Study Group News, Vol. 4, No. 2, May 1990.
Helmboldt, Henry E., Oahu's World War II 6-Inch 300 Series Batteries, in Coast Defense Study Group News, Vol. 3, No. 2, May 1989.
Helmboldt, Henry E., Oahu's World War II 8-Inch 400 Series Batteries, in Coast Defense Study Group News, Vol. 4, No. 1, Feb. 1990.
Helmboldt, Henry E., Oahu's World War II 14-Inch Naval Turret Gun Batteries, in Coast Defense Study Group News, Vol. 4, No. 2, May 1990.
Moulin, Pierre, A History of Fort DeRussy: U.S. Army Museum of Hawai'i, 2008, Mutual Publishing, LLC, Honolulu, Hawai'i.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Marine National Monument: A Citizen's Guide booklet, undated (2006 ?).
National Park Service, Pu'ukohola Heiau National Historic Site brochure, 2002.
Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard Association, Fit to Fight!: Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard 1908-2008, 2008, Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard Association, Honolulu, Hawaii.
Varney, John H., World War II Memories of the Coast Artillery on Oahu, in The Coast Defense Journal, Vol. 16, No. 4, Nov. 2002.
Williford, Glen, Pacific Fortress: A History of the Seacoast Defenses of Hawaii, 2023, Redoubt Press, McLean, Virginia.
Williford, Glen, and Terrance McGovern, Defenses of Pearl Harbor and Oahu, 1907-1950 (Fortress 8), 2003, Osprey Publishing Ltd., Botley, Oxford, United Kingdom.
NORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS
Economic Service Council, Inc., Historic and Geographic Tourist Map of Saipan, 1992.
National Park Service, American Memorial Park brochure, 2014.
PACIFIC ISLANDS
Bennett, John D., Baker Island's World War II Garrison, in The Coast Defense Journal, Vol. 24, No. 3, Aug. 2010.
Bennett, John D., The Canton Island Defense Force in World War II, in The Coast Defense Journal, Vol. 19, No. 4, Nov. 2005.
Bennett, John D., Naval Air Station Johnston Island's World War II Marine Garrison, in The Coast Defense Journal, Vol. 18, No. 4, Nov. 2004.
Bennett, John D., "Operation Bobcat": The U.S. Garrison of Bora Bora in World War II, in The Coast Defense Journal, Vol. 18, No. 2, May 2004.
Bennett, John D., and Alvin H. Grobmeier, Naval Air Station Palmyra (Island) and its World War II Defenses, in The Coast Defense Journal, Vol. 17, No. 4, Nov. 2003.
Cressman, Robert J., A Magnificent Fight: Marines in the Battle for Wake Island, 1992, Marine Corps Historical Center, Washington.
Dorrance, William H., U.S. Marine Defense Battalions, in The Coast Defense Study Group Journal, Vol. 11, No. 1, Feb. 1997.
Grobmeier, Alvin H., Palmyra - Yesterday and Today, in Coast Defense Study Group News, Vol. 3, No. 1, Feb. 1989.
Grobmeier, Alvin H., Surviving U.S. WWII Guns at Bora Bora, in Coast Defense Study Group News, Vol. 3, No. 1, Feb. 1989.
Heinl, Robert D., Jr., Lt. Col. USMC, The Defense of Wake, 1947, Historical Section, Division of Public Information, Headquarters U.S. Marine Corps, Washington.
Magier, Shelly, and Lance Morgan, A Brief History of Human Activities in the U.S. Pacific Remote Islands, 2012, NOAA Marine Conservation Institute, Glen Ellen, California.
Melson, Charles D., Condition Red: Marine Defense Battalions in World War II, 1996, Marine Corps Historical Center, Washington.
Moran, Jim, Wake Island 1941: A Battle to Make the Gods Weep (Campaign 144), 2011, Osprey Publishing, Botley, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Rottman, Gordon L., Japanese Pacific Island Defenses, 1941-1945 (Fortress 1), 2003, Osprey Publishing Ltd., Botley, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Rottman, Gordon L., U.S. Marine Defense Battalions: More of the Story, in The Coast Defense Study Group Journal, Vol. 11, No. 4, Nov. 1997.
Sims, Philip, U.S. Marines at Wake Island, in Coast Defense Study Group Journal, Vol. 7, No. 3, Aug. 1993.
Spennemann, Dirk H.R., British Naval Heritage in Micronesia - The Coastal Defense Guns of the Marshalls, Pohnpei and Chuuk (abridged), in The Coast Defense Study Group Journal, Vol. 13, No. 1, Feb. 1999.
Spennemann, Dirk H.R., Eight-Inch Coastal Defense Guns in Micronesia, in The Coast Defense Study Group Journal, Vol. 14, No. 2, May 2000.
Williford, Glen M., Racing the Sunrise: Reinforcing America's Pacific Outposts, 1941-42, 2010, Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, Maryland.
Wukovits, John, The Fight for Wake, in WWII History Magazine, May 2002.
PHILIPPINES
Allen, Francis J., The Concrete Battleship: Fort Drum, El Fraile Island, Manila Bay, 1988, revised 1999, Pictorial Histories Publishing Company, Missoula, Montana.
Bogart, Charles H., Radar in the Philippines, 1941-1942, in The Journal of America's Military Past, Vol. XXVI, No. 2, Fall 1999.
Chun, Clayton K.S., The Fall of the Philippines 1941-42 (Campaign 243), 2012, Osprey Publishing Ltd., Botley, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Chun, Clayton K.S., Luzon 1945: The Final Liberation of the Philippines (Campaign 306), 2017, Osprey Publishing Ltd., Oxford, United Kingdom.
Ditcher, Brian J., Philippines Island Study, Part 1, 1987, reprinted in Coast Defense Study Group News, Vol. 3, No. 4, Nov. 1989.
Ditcher, Brian J., Philippines Island Study, Part 2, 1988, reprinted in Coast Defense Study Group News, Vol. 4, No. 1, Feb. 1990.
Ditcher, Brian J., Philippines Island Study, Part 3, 1989, reprinted in Coast Defense Study Group News, Vol. 4, No. 3, Aug. 1990.
Ditcher, Brian J., Philippines Island Study, Part 4, 1988, reprinted in Coast Defense Study Group News, Vol. 4, No. 4, Nov. 1990.
Dorrance, William H., History of Fort Frank, in Coast Defense Study Group Journal, Vol. 8, No. 2, May 1994.
Gaines, William C., Antiaircraft Defenses in the Harbor Defenses of Manila and Subic Bays, 1921-1942, in The Coast Defense Study Group Journal, Vol. 14, No. 1, Feb. 2000.
Gaines, William C., Corregidor, the Early Years, in The Coast Defense Journal, Vol. 21, No. 3, Aug. 2007.
Graves, William, Corregidor Revisited: 43 Years after the Siege, in National Geographic Magazine, Vol. 170, No. 1, July 1986, National Geographic Society, Washington.
Green, Michael, MacArthur in the Pacific: From the Philippines to the Fall of Japan, 1996, Motorbooks International Publishers and Wholesalers, Osceola, Wisconsin.
Haydock, Michael D., Marine Scapegoat in the Philippine Insurrection, in Military History Magazine, February 2002.
Kirchner, D. P., Spanish Towers in the Philippines, in The Coast Defense Journal, Vol. 20, No. 1, Feb. 2006.
Lardas, Mark, Corregidor 1945: Repossessing the Rock (Campaign 325), 2023, Osprey Publishing Ltd., Oxford, United Kingdom.
Luengo, Pedro, Military Engineering in Eighteenth-Century Havana and Manila: The Experience of the Seven Years War, in War in History, Vol. 24, No. 1, 2017.
Malek, Jon G., Intramuros: The Story of the Philippines, undated paper.
McGovern, Terrance C., Fort Drum, the Concrete Battleship, in Coast Defense Study Group Journal, Vol. 10, No. 4, Nov. 1996.
McGovern, Terrance C., and Mark A. Berhow, American Defenses of Corregidor and Manila Bay, 1898-1945 (Fortress 4), 2003, Osprey Publishing Ltd., Botley, Oxford, United Kingdom.
McLaughlin, John E., Site Report: Corregidor Island and Caballo Island, December 9-20, 2003, in Army Museum Memo, Issue 42, April/May 2004, U.S. Army Center of Military History, Museum Division.
Miller, J. Michael, From Shanghai to Corregidor: Marines in the Defense of the Philippines, 1997, Marine Corps Historical Center, Washington.
Morton, Louis, The Fall of the Philippines, 1953, reprint 1995, National Historical Society, Minnetonka, Minnesota.
Olson, John E., Army Posts, Camps, and Stations in the Philippine Islands, 1901-1941, in The Journal of America's Military Past, Vol. XXVIII, No. 2, Fall 2001.
Sims, Philip, The U.S. Navy and the Coast Defenses of the Spanish Empire, in The Coast Defense Journal, Vol. 19, No. 1, Feb. 2005.
U.S. Army, 14th Antiaircraft Command, Headquarters, Report on War Damage to the Harbor Defenses of Manila and Subic Bays, 6 October, 1945, Manila, Philippines.
Whitman, John, The first Japanese attack on Corregidor changed bombing and anti-aircraft tactics forever, in Military History Magazine, February 2002.
Williford, Glen M., At the Southern Extreme: Fire Control Stations on Limbones Island in Manila Bay, in The Coast Defense Study Group Journal, Vol. 14, No. 3, Aug. 2000.
Williford, Glen M., Addendum to "At the Southern Extreme: Fire Control on Limbones Island, in The Coast Defense Journal, Vol. 15, No. 2, May 2001.
Williford, Glen M., Land Defense for the Coast Defenses of Manila Bay, in The Coast Defense Journal, Vol. 16, No. 2, May 2002.
Williford, Glen M., Pacific Rampart: A History of Corregidor and the Harbor Defenses of Manila and Subic Bays, 2020, Redoubt Press, McLean, Virginia.
